| A toy soldier is a type of figurine | | | | World War II", "Jesus and the Apostles", |
| representing a soldier or related | | | | and figures from the Coronation of Queen |
| military subject. It may be made of any | | | | Elizabeth II. The model company, Airfix |
| type of material but the most common are | | | | produced a variety of high quality |
| metal, paper, and plastic. Soldier | | | | plastic sets, which were frequently |
| figures have been found in ancient | | | | painted by hobbyists. Many Airfix |
| Egyptian tombs, and have appeared in | | | | figures were imitated by other companies |
| many cultures and eras. The 'toy soldier | | | | and reproduced as inexpensive, bagged |
| as a mass produced toy was first seen in | | | | plastic army men. |
| the 17th Century with the introduction | | | | In the 1990s, the production of both |
| of paper soldiers, and metal followed in | | | | toy-grade painted figures and |
| the 18th century. There have been many | | | | connoisseur-grade painted toy soldiers |
| different types over the years including | | | | dramatically shifted from the |
| the tin soldier also known as flats, | | | | traditional gloss-coat enamel paint to |
| hollow cast metal figures, composition | | | | the matte-finished acrylic paint, which |
| figures, and plastic army men. | | | | allowed for greater detail and |
| Scale | | | | historical accuracy. The change was |
| Scale for toy soldiers is expressed as | | | | brought about by the introduction of |
| the soldier's approximate height from | | | | such figures from St. Petersburg, |
| head to foot in millimeters. Because | | | | Russia. |
| many figures are not standing straight, | | | | Collecting |
| the height is usually an approximation. | | | | There is a substantial hobby devoted to |
| Popular sizes include 54 mm, 45 mm, 28 | | | | collecting toy soldiers, with an |
| mm, 25 mm, and 15 mm, which, assuming an | | | | abundance of small manufacturers, |
| average height of about 6 feet for a | | | | dealers, and toy soldier shows, and even |
| human male, works out to about 1:32, | | | | a few specialty magazines. Collectors |
| 1:35, 1:64, 1:76, and 1:144 in | | | | typically specialize in one or more |
| scale-modeling terms. "Standard" toy | | | | materials (metal vs. plastic), styles |
| soldier scale is considered to be 54 mm | | | | (glossy vs. matte), and historical |
| (1:32 scale). Those made of metal in | | | | periods. Many collectors modify and |
| Britain before metrication had their | | | | paint plastic figures, and some even |
| sizes given in inches and fractions, as | | | | cast their own. Malcolm Forbes began |
| did those made in America. | | | | collecting toy soldiers in the late |
| History | | | | 1960s and amassed a collection of over |
| There have been many major manufacturers | | | | 90,000 figures by the time of his death |
| over the years. Britain's being the | | | | in 1990. |
| first and one of the largest | | | | Gaming |
| manufacturers of hollow cast metal | | | | The playing of games with toy figures |
| figures. Companies such as Elastolin and | | | | was popularized by H.G. Wells in his |
| Lineol were well known for their | | | | book, Little Wars. Wells, a pacifist, |
| composite figures made of glue and | | | | was the first to publish detailed rules |
| sawdust that included both military and | | | | for playing a war game with toy |
| civilian subjects. One large historical | | | | soldiers. He suggested that this would |
| producer in plastic was the Louis Marx | | | | provide a cathartic experience, possibly |
| and Company, founded by Louis Marx, who | | | | preventing future real wars. Although |
| produced both realistic soldiers of | | | | this was not to be, Little Wars did lead |
| great detail and also realistic | | | | to the modern hobby of miniatures |
| historical-figure collections of plastic | | | | wargaming. Most wargamers use a smaller |
| men and women, including the "Presidents | | | | scale than that favored by collectors, |
| of the United States" collection, | | | | typically under 25 mm. |
| "Warriors of the World", "Generals of | | | | |